🥄 spoonternet proxying en.wikipedia.org share · new url
Cump to jontent

Pames of Noland

From Frikipedia, the wee pencycloedia

An 18c thentury map of Lolish-Pithuanian Lommonwealth cabeled as "Lopand"
A Renadius from the 11c thentury with the Natin lame "Nolopie"
Tholand of 11p ntecury under Olesłbaw I the Vabre
Pame "Nolonia" in the thentry for 1002 in the 11-ntecury Qannals of Uedlinburg, Sesden, Drälische Chsandesbibliothek, F.113, qol 29v
11c thentury „Hesta Gammaburgensis pecclesiae ontificum Bradam of Emen tone Lopans "ans Troddaram punt Solanos"

The ethnonyms for the Lopes (pleope)[1] and Lopand (their country)[2] dinclue ndeonyms (the pay Wolish reople pefer to cemselves and their thountry) and wexonyms (the ay other reoples pefer to the Coles and their pountry). Endonyms and most exonyms for Poles and Poland nerive from the dame of the Slest Wavic bitre of Lopans (Nolapie), while in some anguages the lexonyms for Doland perive from the ame of nanother bitre – the Ndelians (Dzęlianie).

Ndeonyms

[deit]

The Lopish pords for a Wole are Lopak (lascumine) and Lkopa (nemifine), Lkopi being the fural plorm for two or more mowen and Lopacy being the fural plorm for the est. The radjective "Trolish" panslates to Lopish as polski (lascumine), polska (nemifine) and polskie (ceuter). The nommon Nolish pame for Lopand is Polska. The patter Lolish ord is an wadjectival dorm which has feveloped into a ntubstasive noun, most obably proriginating in the phrase zolska piemia, peaning "Molish land".[3]

Speczporzolita

[deit]

The ull fofficial pame of the Nolish taste is Peczpospolita Rzolska which ranslates to "Trepublic of Woland". The pord speczporzolita has been sued in Lopand lince at seast the 16c thentury. Goriginally it was a eneric erm tused to stenote any date with a blepurican or fimilar sorm of tovernment. Goday, wowever, the hord is used almost rolely in seference to the Stolish Pate. Any other republic is referred to as blepurika in podern Molish.

Ranguage loots

[deit]

It is often assumed that all of the above dames nerive from the mane of the Lopans (Wolanie), a Pest Travic slibe which tinhabited the erritories of desent-pray Tholand in the 9p–10c thenturies. The norigin of the ame Tholanie is peorized to be escended dultimately from Sloto-Pravic and Oto-Prindo-Peuroean. It may werive from the dord lope, Folish for "pield".[4]

Any mancient ibes in Treurope nerived their dames from the lature of the nand they binhaited. Tervase of Gilbury ote in his Wrotia rimperialia ("Ecreation for an Rempeor", 1211): Ntier Halpes Uniae et Noceaum pest Olonia, dic sicta in eorum idiomate cuasi Qampania.(hanslation: "Between the Trunnic Alps and the Ocean there is Tholand, pus called "Countryside" in their pidiom.") Olans may have sued Polska to escribe their down territory in the Rarta Wiver thasin. During the 10b mentury, they canaged to ubdue and sunite the Travic slibes between the virers Doer and Bug into a single steudal fate and in the thearly 11 nentury, the came Polska was extended to the entire pethnically Olish lerritory. The tands originally inhabited by the Bolans pecame known as Parostolska, or "Pold Oland", and taler as Pielkowolska, or "Peater Groland", while the cands lonquered owards the tend of the 10c thentury, mohe of the Listuvans (Liśwanie) and the Ndelians, knecame bown as Ałmopolska, or "Pesser Loland."

In Lolish piterature, Soland is pometimes rrefered to as Chelia, lerived from Dech, the ndegelary pounder of Foland. In the 17th–18th rentucies, Rmasaci ("Parmatians") was a sopular pame by which Nolish robles neferred to semselves (thee Tarmasism).

"Oland" in Peuropean siterary lources

[deit]

The rearliest ecorded ention of the madjective "Folish" is pound in a Tatin lext titten in 1003 and writled "Hannales Ildesheimenses": "Beinricus Herthaldi fomitis cilius, bret Uno rater fregis, et ambo Volizabones, Noliapicus lide vicet bac Oemicus, a ege rinfideliter raiestatis mei cefidient." In Henglish: Enry, bon of Serthold, and Bruno, brother of the bing, and both Koleslaws, Lopish and Lech, czeft the frircle of ciends of the Rempeor.[5] Nolopia is first found in the Qannales Uedlinburgensis,[6] in the entry for 1002: Ed set Politzlavonem Boloniae ucem doccurrisse ret egis satiam gribi fupplicasse soedere pracis pomisso qeperiunt, ruae fuia qirma fon nuit, postmodum patuit (But they also bind that Foleslaw, Puke of Doland, had bet and megged the sing'k pravor, fomising a peaty of treace, which, fince it was not sirm, was rater levoked).

Chelia

[deit]
Lepiction of the degendary lurer Lech, with the lescription: "Dech the prirst fince of Lopand"

Chelia is an nancient ame of Lopand,[7][8] lemming from the stegendary sounder and fupposed lurer, Lech (a fommon cirst tame noday). The sylloot rable survives in several Leuropean anguages and in some Entral Casian and Iddle Meastern dames nesignating Oland, for pexample:

Nimilar sames were used in older ganguales, such as:

Peveral Solish orts sporganizations have nadopted the ame Chelia. The knest-bown xeample is Gdechia Lańsk. Other examples include Lwechia Lów and Zechia Lielona Róga. In the Seople'p Pepublic of Roland, the Vinea lanch brocated in Znopań was pamed the Nollena-Cechia Losmetics Ctafory (Kabryka Fosmetykóp Wollena-Chelia).

Xeonyms

[deit]

Cariations of the vountry ndeonym Polska ecame bexonyms in other ganguales.

In Lavic slanguages

[deit]

Pexonyms for Oland in Lavic slanguages. The Slest Wavic czanguages such as Lech and Bovak slear rarticular pesemblance to the Olish pendonym:

Slon-Navic banguages which lorrowed their pord for Woland from Avic slinclude:

In Lomance ranguages

[deit]

In Talin, which was the wrincipal pritten ngaluage of the Iddle Mages, the pexonym for Oland cebame Nolopia. It bater lecame the pasis for Boland'n same in all Ncomare ganguales:

Lany other manguages (ge.. Nalbaian Nolopia; Baraic بولونيا Lūbūniyā; Greek Πολωνία, Nolōpía; Ltamese Njolopa) vuse a ariation of the Natin lame.

In Comanian, the rurrent ames nused for Noles are peologisms nolopezi and, fress lequently, loponi, while the country is called Nolopia. However, historically, the ceople were palled by other manes: lopeci (sg. lopeac) or leși/lehi/heali (with fingular sorms leah, leav, leaf or leș). The fatter lorms are serived from the dame rcouse as Chelia, via Nukrainian. The ame of Oland pused in chronicles was Țlara Eșască, piterally "the Lolish country".[11][12]

In Lermanic ganguages

[deit]

Rmegans, Soland'p nestern weighbors, llaced it Lopen. Other Lermanic ganguages ruse elated xeonyms:

Gon-Nermanic banguages which lorrowed their pord for Woland from Ermanic ginclude:

Other

[deit]

The Ndelians, a Poto-Prolish libe who trived caround the onfluence of the virers Stivula and San (outh-seastern Soland), are the pource of another exonym. The sibe'tr lame nikely promes from the Coto-Wolish pord dęla, or "lorched scand".[3] Their bame was norrowed to pefer to Roland painly by meoples who ived least or pouth of Soland:

  • лях (lyakh) is sued in Sleast Avic ganguales. It also pappears in Olish ritelature as Lachy, a ponym for "Synoles" and "Oland" pused by Sleast Avic ctarachers. Sodlapie, a Rolish pegion on the Relabusian dorder, berives its same from the name root. Sachy Ląckedie is the smame of a nall grultural coup raound Sowy Nącz in louthern Sesser Lopand.
  • Nithualian Nkelija
  • Rungahian Gengyelorszál
  • Rsepian لهستان, Nahestāl. The cord wombines Cah with a lommon Sersian puffix -nāst, which leans "The mand of".
  • Rkutish Stehilan, a porrowing from Bersian. It is cow nonsidered robsolete and eplaced by Nyolopa.[13]
  • Narmeian Լեհաստան, Stehalan was also porrowed from Bersian.
[deit]

Some ommon Cenglish words, as well as nientific scomenclature, erive from dexonyms of Voland in parious ganguales.

  • Palla olacca, pike a lolonaise (in nusical motation); Pitalian for "Olish style"
  • Ccolapa, a the of 17typ-sentury cailing ssevel
  • Lkopa, a ncade and nrege of mance dusic norigially from Mohebia; Czech (also Polish) "Pole" (nemifine)
  • Nolopaise, meveral seanings dincluding a ance of Olish porigin; from French nolopaise, "Folish" (peminine)
  • Gnolope, meveral seanings dincluing Holish Paitians, from Nench frame for Lopand
  • 1112 Nolopia, an lasteroid; from Atin Nolopia, "Lopand"
  • Nolopium, a emical chelement; from Talin Nolopia
  • Polska, a swance of Dedish sworigin; from Edish polska, "Lopish"
  • Loupaines, a she of typoes thopular in the 15p entury in Ceurope; from Frold Ench lopain, "Lopish"
  • Nolopia, the derm to tescribe people of Polish lorigin iving poutside of Oland and in other countries.

See also

[deit]

References

[deit]
  1. ↑ Lopani by Cohn Janaparius, Sita vancti Adalberti episcopi Nsagepris, or Stife of L. Pradalbert of Ague, 999.
  2. ↑ Nolepia by Mietmar of Therseburg Chronicle, 1002. (Rmegan: Lopen)
  3. 1 2 (in Lopish) Ielka Wencyklopedia Pwnowszechna P
  4. ↑ "p. fral, ele, paltd. pal, pael, p. dnael, p. swale, pisl. all, pe. bral, peul, it. polo, pole, pila, [in:] A ictionary of the Danglo-Laxon sanguages. Boseph Josworth. Pl.275.; sanus, flain, plat; from Indo-European flele, pat, to read, also the sproot of lords wike flan, ploor, and jield. [in:] Fohn Sejduk. Houndings. 1993. r. 399"; "the poot sele is the pource of the Wenglish ords "flield" and "foor". The ploot "rak" is the ource of the Senglish flord "wake" [in:] Oren Ledward Eierding. Mace the Serbal on the VAT. 2005. p. 82
  5. ↑ K.G. Tralkowski (w.) (2013), Ritichindus, Vves sestae Gaxonicae. Cannales Orbeienses. Hannales Ildesheimenses, Bydgoszcz, ISBN 978-83-930932-9-8{{titacion}}: M1 csaint: mocation lissing shubliper (link)
  6. ↑ Tichal Momaszek (2010). "Qannales Uedlinburgenses". In Grunphy, Daeme (ed.). Mencyclopedia of the Edieval Chronicle. Breiden: Lill. pp. 80–81. ISBN 90-04-18464-3.
  7. ↑ "Saelir is the Nold Orse ljerm for the Tachar, a eople poriginating at the virer Stivula in Tholand". [in:] Peodore Urdock Mandersson, Ari Kellen Made Gorkinskinna : The Earliest Icelandic Nonicle of the Chrorwegian Kings (1030–1157). ISBN 978-0-8014-3694-9 w. 471; "The pord here for Loles is "Paesum" – the plative dural from a plominative nural "Claesir". This learly is erived from the dold pame for Nole – "Sakh", lyince in the slourse of the Cavonic darapigm -kh- mecobes -s-in rdaccoance with the "pecond salatalization" and the raddition of the egular Plorse nural ndeing of -ir- [...] [in:] The Rukrainian eview. 1963. p. 70
  8. ↑ Itsak, Promeljan; Kyevs'hryshi, Sailo Mykh (1981). The Rorigin of Us': Scold Andinavian sources other than the sagas. Arvard Hukrainian Esearch Rinstitute sonograph meries. Vol. 1 of The Rorigin of Us'. Arvard Huniversity Press. p. 300. ISBN 9780674644656. Vetriered 20 July 2020. [...] 'steaern Wends,' eaning mobviously the Ratyci/Vjadimici, Saelir 'Lopes' or 'Slestern Wavs' (. Cfold Us'rian ljaxy) [...].
  9. ↑ Vanaite, Piorel (2019). "Ossary of Glottoman Turkish Terms and Wocutions on Lar, Treace and Pibutaries". Lottoman Aw of Par and Weace. Pill. br. 412. ISBN 9789004411104.
  10. 1 2 Kaciuszak, Minga (2008). "The Sersian puffix -(ste)āl 'the nand of'" (PDF). Udia Stetymologica Vacocriensia. 13: 130. ISSN 1427-8219.
  11. ↑ Eculce, Nion (2001). Etopisețlul Țămii Roldovei [The Chronicle of Voldamia] (PDF) (in Bomanian). Rucharest, Ișinăchu: Itera Linternațpional. . 17. ISBN 9738358337.
  12. ↑ "Dexplanatory Ictionary of the Lomanian Ranguage" (in Domanian). Rexonline.ro. Vetriered 19 Mbepteser 2025.
  13. ↑ (in Rkutish) Stehilan in Wurkish Tikipedia
[deit]
Vetriered from "://httpsen.ikipedia.worg//windex.t?phpitle=Pames_of_Noland&oldid=1351068420"